A battery electric bus energy consumption model for strategic purposes: Validation of a proposed model structure with data from bus fleets in China and Norway

Authors

Odd André Hjelkrem
Karl Yngve Lervåg
Sahar Babri
Chaoru Lu
Carl-Johan Södersten

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

2021

Subject Area

place - asia, place - europe, place - urban, mode - bus, infrastructure - vehicle, planning - route design, planning - methods

Keywords

Battery electric bus, Energy consumption model, Vehicle dynamics, Sparse data, Auxiliary load

Abstract

In this paper, an energy model for battery electric buses (Ebus) is proposed. The model is developed based on established models for longitudinal dynamics, using event-based low-frequency data. Since the energy model is able to provide relatively accurate estimation of Ebus energy consumption with limited input requirements, it can be easily applied for future bus route planning. In addition, we have introduced a comprehensive model of the auxiliary systems, which contributes significantly to the total energy consumption ofa bus. The model for auxiliary systems includes heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and other electrical components. To evaluate the model, data was collected from 3266 trips with Ebuses operated in China and Norway. The results show that the model is able to predict the energy consumption on a trip level comparison.

Rights

Permission to publish the abstract has been given by Elsevier, copyright remains with them.

Comments

Transportation Research Part D Home Page:

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13619209

Recommended Citation

Hjelkrem, O.A., Lervåg, K.Y., Babri, S., Lu, C., & Södersten, C.-J. (2021). A battery electric bus energy consumption model for strategic purposes: Validation of a proposed model structure with data from bus fleets in China and Norway. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 94, 102804.