Fare evasion in public transport systems: a review of the literature
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Date
2020
Subject Area
economics - fare revenue, literature review - literature review
Keywords
Fare evasion, Proof-of-payment, Pay-on-entry, Fare dodging, Fare evader, Fare dodger, Fraud in public transportation, Fare cheating, Free rider
Abstract
Fare evasion has become an important issue for public transport companies, especially for those that have adopted proof-of-payment ticketing systems. Recent years have seen strong growth in the publication of studies on fare evasion. This paper reviews 113 studies to identify the characteristics of the research on fare evasion. An overview and classification in five main areas, i.e., fare evader-oriented, criminological, economic, technological, and operational is provided. Next, the status quo of these studies is assessed to support possible unifying research development.
Rights
Permission to publish the abstract has been given by SpringerLink, copyright remains with them.
Recommended Citation
Barabino, B., Lai, C. & Olivo, A. (2020). Fare evasion in public transport systems: a review of the literature. Public Transport, Vol. 12, pp. 27–88.
