On the spatio-temporal optimization for the charging scheduling of battery electric buses

Authors

Zhixin Wang
Feifeng Zheng
Sadeque Hamdan
Oualid Jouini

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

2025

Subject Area

infrastructure - fleet management, infrastructure - vehicle, mode - bus, place - asia, place - urban, policy - sustainable, technology - emissions

Keywords

Battery electric buses (BEBs), charging

Abstract

Battery electric buses (BEBs) play a crucial role in advancing energy efficiency, reducing emissions, and fostering sustainable public transport. Opportunity charging technology has proven effective in alleviating BEB range anxiety. As BEB networks expand, designing an optimized charging schedule that accounts for spatio-temporal complexities becomes essential. This paper proposes an innovative optimization scheme that leverages the spatio-temporal characteristics of BEB networks. By employing variable charging power, the scheme balances TOU with grid loads. The problem is formulated as a nonlinear, non-convex program with continuous time variables and transformed into a solvable mixed-integer linear programming model via discrete-event-based linear reconstruction. Applied to a real BEB network in Shanghai, the results demonstrate a 7.83% reduction in charging costs by improving grid peak power and a 2.42% cost reduction by increasing charging piles across terminals.

Rights

Permission to publish the abstract has been given by Elsevier, copyright remains with them.

Comments

Transportation Research Part E Home Page:

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13665545

Recommended Citation

Wang, Z., Zheng, F., Hamdan, S., & Jouini, O. (2025). On the spatio-temporal optimization for the charging scheduling of battery electric buses. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 197, 104086.