Integrating on-demand transport into the public transport network: assessing the value for money of replacing fixed routes
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Date
2025
Subject Area
mode - bus, mode - demand responsive transit, mode - mass transit, planning - integration, planning - route design, policy - equity, technology - intelligent transport systems, infrastructure - fleet management
Keywords
On-demand transport, micro-transit, demand-responsive transport, network integration, network design
Abstract
On-demand transport (ODT), enabled by advancements in intelligent communication technology and digital platform, serves various roles, from feeding passengers to mass transit to providing point-to-point services and replacing fixed route buses in low-demand areas. However, ODT performance varies, often falling short of widespread acceptance. This paper explores the impact of ODT operational models and fleet size on bus demand and service standards using a novel stop-level modelling approach. It evaluates service efficiency, trade-offs and challenges, highlighting that ODT can enhance network integration and provide net consumer surplus. However, its benefits require careful implementation to avoid overstated claims and to truly enhance social equity. The findings support integrating ODT into broader transport networks and restructuring fixed bus routes rather than treating ODT as a standalone solution.
Rights
Permission to publish the abstract has been given by Taylor&Francis, copyright remains with them.
Recommended Citation
Ho, C. (2025). Integrating on-demand transport into the public transport network: assessing the value for money of replacing fixed routes. Transportation Planning and Technology, 48(7), 1481-1505.
