Overnight charging scheduling of electric buses considering V2G technology and uncertain battery charge-discharge efficiency

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

2025

Subject Area

mode - bus, infrastructure - vehicle, technology - alternative fuels

Keywords

Overnight charging, electric bus, uncertain battery charge-discharge, V2G technology, load fluctuations

Abstract

We investigate an electric bus overnight charging scheduling problem considering the uncertainty of bus charge-discharge efficiency. In line with scheduling practice, the vehicle-to-grid technology is considered in this problem. Given a set of appointed electric buses, our objective is to explore charging strategies that minimize the weighted sum of the total charging cost for the charging station, power grid load fluctuations, together with the negative value of rewards obtained from using V2G technology. Inspired by Abdelwahed et al., both discrete-time-optimization formulation and discrete-event-optimization formulation are established to model this problem under uncertain environments. We then employ K-means enhanced sample average approximation approach and K-means enhanced conditional value at risk approach to solve this problem. Numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approaches.

Rights

Permission to publish the abstract has been given by Taylor&Francis, copyright remains with them.

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